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plumbing Moretofollow
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Fuller faucetsThe Fuller faucet is not so commonly used now as a few years ago. The parts for the shutting off of the water supply consist of a soft rubber ball, which fits into a cup-shaped seat and is forced on to the seat by the turning of the faucet handle. The ball makes a tight joint but it does not wear well, is affected by heat and by corrosive liquids, and is not easily replaced. It has the advantage that the faucet can be opened wide by a one-fourth turn of the valve handle, but the quick closing of the valve may result in serious water hammer in the plumbing system. Compression faucetsA compression faucet is an adaptation of the globe valve. It is commonly used on bathtub, lavatory, and some other plumbing fixtures. The faucets are equipped with a soft gasket or packing, shown in the figure. This requires occasional renewal and may give much trouble if exposed to hot water under a high pressure. There are two general types of these faucets and many modifications. In one type the barrel is threaded to receive a correspondingly threaded plunger which carries the washer to the seat, and the second type in which the threaded stem actuates a squared plug which moves up and down inside a barrel squared to receive it. Compression faucets are open to many of the same objections as the globe valve, particularly with regard to the tortuous passages, small water way, and relatively high loss of head. The faucets require a number of turns to open or to close them. The effort is sometimes bothersome to the user but the slow motion is a certain preventive of excessive water hammer. Self-closing faucetsSelf-closing faucets are used in cheap hotels, lodging houses, public lavatories, and institutions. Their principal purpose is to prevent water waste. It is of the compression type of faucet but the valve disk is held on the seat by a strong spring which is compressed by a lever action or by means of a screw thread with a steep pitch. Although helpful for their purpose, which is to prevent water waste, they are not infallible as they are more or less easily tied or blocked open. As they usually close very quickly when operating properly they nearly always produce water hammer under moderate or high pressures.
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